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뮤테이션</a></li><li><a href="/vue-testing-handbook/ko/vuex-actions.html" class="sidebar-link">Vuex - 액션</a></li><li><a href="/vue-testing-handbook/ko/vuex-getters.html" class="sidebar-link">Vuex - 게터</a></li><li><a href="/vue-testing-handbook/ko/vuex-in-components.html" class="sidebar-link">컴포넌트 내에 있는 Vuex - $state와 게터</a></li><li><a href="/vue-testing-handbook/ko/vuex-in-components-mutations-and-actions.html" class="sidebar-link">컴포넌트 내에 있는 Vuex - 뮤테이션과 액션</a></li><li><a href="/vue-testing-handbook/ko/vue-router.html" class="sidebar-link">Vue 라우터</a></li><li><a href="/vue-testing-handbook/ko/composition-api.html" class="sidebar-link">컴포지션 API</a></li><li><a href="/vue-testing-handbook/ko/reducing-boilerplate-in-tests.html" class="sidebar-link">보일러플레이트 줄이기</a></li><li><a href="/vue-testing-handbook/ko/jest-mocking-modules.html" class="sidebar-link">Jest - 모듈 모킹하기</a></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><h2 id="엘리먼트-찾기"><a href="#엘리먼트-찾기" class="header-anchor">#</a> 엘리먼트 찾기</h2> <p><code>vue-test-utils</code>는 <code>find</code> 메서드를 사용해서 html 엘리먼트나 다른 Vue 컴포넌트의 존재를 발견하고 어설트(assert) 하는 여러 가지 방법을 제공합니다. <code>find</code>의 주 사용법은 컴포넌트가 엘리먼트나 자식 컴포넌트를 제대로 렌더했는지 어설트하는 것입니다.</p> <p>이 페이지에서 설명한 테스트의 소스 코드는 <a href="https://github.com/lmiller1990/vue-testing-handbook/tree/master/demo-app/tests/unit/Parent.spec.js" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">여기<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a>에서 찾을 수 있습니다.</p> <h2 id="컴포넌트-생성하기"><a href="#컴포넌트-생성하기" class="header-anchor">#</a> 컴포넌트 생성하기</h2> <p>이번 예제를 위해서 <code>&lt;Child&gt;</code>와 <code>&lt;Parent&gt;</code> 컴포넌트를 만들겠습니다.</p> <p>Child 컴포넌트는 아래와 같습니다.</p> <div class="language-vue extra-class"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>Child<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">default</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;Child&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre></div><p>Parent 컴포넌트는 아래와 같습니다.</p> <div class="language-vue extra-class"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>span</span> <span class="token attr-name">v-show</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>showSpan<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
      Parent Component
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>span</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>Child</span> <span class="token attr-name">v-if</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>showChild<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">import</span> Child <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">&quot;./Child.vue&quot;</span>

<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">default</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;Parent&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>

  components<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Child <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>

  <span class="token function">data</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      showSpan<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
      showChild<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="queryselector-문법과-find"><a href="#queryselector-문법과-find" class="header-anchor">#</a> <code>querySelector</code> 문법과 <code>find</code></h2> <p><code>document.querySelector</code>와 함께 사용하는 문법을 사용하면 정규 엘리먼트는 쉽게 선택할 수 있습니다. <code>vue-test-utils</code>는 조건부로 <code>v-show</code>를 사용해 렌더한 엘리먼트가 보이는지 안보이는지를 확인하는 <code>isVisible</code> 메서드도 제공합니다. <code>Parent.spec.js</code>를 생성하고 내부에 아래와 같은 테스트를 추가하겠습니다.</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> mount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> shallowMount <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">&quot;@vue/test-utils&quot;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> Parent <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">&quot;@/components/Parent.vue&quot;</span>

<span class="token function">describe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;Parent&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token function">it</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;span 태그를 렌더하지 않는다&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">const</span> wrapper <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">shallowMount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Parent<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wrapper<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">find</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;span&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isVisible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><p><code>v-show=&quot;showSpan&quot;</code>은 <code>false</code>가 기본설정이기 때문에, 발견한 <code>&lt;span&gt;</code> 엘리먼트의 <code>isVisible</code> 메서드는 <code>false</code>를 리턴한다는 것을 예상할 수 있습니다.  <code>yarn test:unit</code>을 실행하면 테스트는 통과합니다. 다음은 <code>showSpan</code>이 <code>true</code>일 때의 테스트 케이스입니다.</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token function">it</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;span 태그를 렌더한다&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token keyword">const</span> wrapper <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">shallowMount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Parent<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">data</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> showSpan<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

  <span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wrapper<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">find</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;span&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isVisible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><p>이 테스트는 통과합니다! <code>v-show</code>를 위한 <code>isVisible</code>처럼, <code>vue-test-utils</code>는  <code>v-if</code>를 사용해서 조건부로 렌더하는 엘리먼트를 테스트할 때 사용하는 <code>exists</code> 메서드를 제공합니다.</p> <h2 id="name과-component로-컴포넌트-찾기"><a href="#name과-component로-컴포넌트-찾기" class="header-anchor">#</a> <code>name</code>과 <code>Component</code>로 컴포넌트 찾기</h2> <p>자식 컴포넌트를 발견하는 일은 정규 HTML 엘리먼트를 찾는 것과 약간 다릅니다. 자식 Vue 컴포넌트의 존재를 어설트하는 두 가지의 주요한 방법이 있습니다.</p> <ol><li><code>find(Component)</code></li> <li><code>find({ name: &quot;ComponentName&quot; })</code></li></ol> <p>예제 테스트의 문맥을 보면 약간 더 이해하기 쉽습니다. <code>find(Component)</code> 문법으로 테스트를 시작해보겠습니다. 이 방법은 컴포넌트를 <code>import</code> 하고 import한 컴포넌트를 <code>find</code> 함수에 넘겨줘야 합니다.</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> Child <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">&quot;@/components/Child.vue&quot;</span>

<span class="token function">it</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;자식 컴포넌트를 렌더하지 않는다&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token keyword">const</span> wrapper <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">shallowMount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Parent<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

  <span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wrapper<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">find</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Child<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">exists</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><p><code>find</code>를 위한 구현체는 꽤 복잡합니다. <code>querySelector</code> 문법뿐만 아니라 몇 가지 다른 문법과 함께 작동하기 때문입니다. 자식 Vue 컴포넌트를 찾는 소스 일부를 <a href="https://github.com/vuejs/vue-test-utils/blob/dev/packages/test-utils/src/find.js" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">여기<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a>에서 볼 수 있습니다. 기본적으로 렌더한 각각의 자식을 대조해서 컴포넌트의 <code>name</code>을 확인하고 나서 <code>constructor</code>와 몇 가지 다른 프로퍼티를 확인합니다.</p> <p>이전 단락에서 언급했던 것처럼, <code>name</code> 프로퍼티는 컴포넌트를 넘겼을 때 <code>find</code>로 확인하는 방법 중 하나입니다. 컴포넌트를 넘겨주는 대신, 간단하게 올바른 <code>name</code> 프로퍼티를 가진 객체를 넘겨줄 수도 있습니다. 이 방법은 컴포넌트를 <code>import</code> 할 필요가 없음을 의미합니다. <code>&lt;Child&gt;</code>를 렌더하는 경우를 테스트해보겠습니다.</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token function">it</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;자식 컴포넌트를 렌더한다&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token keyword">const</span> wrapper <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">shallowMount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Parent<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">data</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> showChild<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

  <span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wrapper<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">find</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;Child&quot;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">exists</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><p>테스트가 통과합니다! <code>name</code> 프로퍼티를 사용하면 약간 직관적이지 않을 수는 있습니다. 그래서 대안으로 실제로 컴포넌트를 추출하는 방법을 사용합니다. 또 다른 옵션은 처음 두 가지 예제에서 보여준 <code>querySelector</code> 스타일 문법을 사용해서 간단하게 <code>class</code>나 <code>id</code>를 추가하고 쿼리(query)를 추가하는 것입니다.</p> <h2 id="findall"><a href="#findall" class="header-anchor">#</a> <code>findAll</code></h2> <p>종종 여러 엘리먼트가 렌더됐는지 어설트 하기를 원하는 경우가 있을 수 있습니다. 일반적인 경우는 <code>v-for</code>로 렌더한 아이템의 리스트입니다. 아래에 몇 가지 <code>&lt;Child&gt;</code> 컴포넌트를 렌더한 <code>&lt;ParentWithManyChildren&gt;</code> 컴포넌트가 있습니다.</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token operator">&lt;</span>template<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
  <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>div<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
    <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Child v<span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;id in [1, 2 ,3]&quot;</span> <span class="token punctuation">:</span>key<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;id&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
  <span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">/</span>div<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">/</span>template<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>

<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>script<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> Child <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">&quot;./Child.vue&quot;</span>

<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">default</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;ParentWithManyChildren&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>

  components<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Child <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div><p>아래와 같이 3개의 <code>&lt;Child&gt;</code> 컴포넌트가 렌더됐는지 어설트하기 위해서 <code>findAll</code>을 사용해서 테스트를 작성할 수 있습니다.</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token function">it</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;다수의 자식을 렌더한다&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token keyword">const</span> wrapper <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">shallowMount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ParentWithManyChildren<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

  <span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wrapper<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Child<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><p><code>yarn test:unit</code>을 실행하면 테스트가 통과하는 모습을 보여줍니다. 마찬가지로 <code>findAll</code>과 함께 <code>querySelector</code>를 사용할 수 있습니다.</p> <h2 id="결론"><a href="#결론" class="header-anchor">#</a> 결론</h2> <p>이 페이지는 아래의 내용을 다룹니다.</p> <ul><li><code>querySelector</code> 문법과 함께 <code>find</code>와 <code>findAll</code> 사용하기</li> <li><code>isVisible</code>과 <code>exists</code></li> <li>셀렉터로 컴포넌트 또는 name과 함께 <code>find</code>와 <code>findAll</code> 사용하기</li></ul> <p>이 페이지에서 설명한 테스트의 소스 코드는 <a href="https://github.com/lmiller1990/vue-testing-handbook/tree/master/demo-app/tests/unit/Parent.spec.js" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">여기<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a>에서 찾을 수 있습니다.</p></div> <footer class="page-edit"><div class="edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/lmiller1990/vue-testing-handbook/edit/master/ko/finding-elements-and-components.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Github에서 이 페이지 수정하기</a> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></div> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">마지막 업데이트:</span> <span class="time">2020. 1. 27. 오후 6:02:09</span></div></footer> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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